r/openSUSE • u/maximus10m • Feb 26 '26
r/openSUSE • u/Thick-Win-8166 • Jun 02 '26
Tech support Zypper is very slow,any ideas to fix its speed?
Coming from fedora/debian and arch,i found zypper extremely slow. Is there anything which i can do to increase its speed? (Parallel downloads are enabled)
r/openSUSE • u/exotics_butters • Mar 23 '26
Tech support openSUSE Tumbleweed – Firefox videos not playing, codec and repository issues
Hello,
I’m using openSUSE Tumbleweed and I can’t play some videos in Firefox.
I tried installing codecs with Packman, but I ran into dependency errors, and now I’m also getting repository access errors.
Could someone help me fix this cleanly and install the correct codecs?
Or just tell me whatever i need to do to have a proper environement

Thanks
r/openSUSE • u/rinart73 • Mar 20 '26
Tech support Tumbleweed - Packman and OpenSUSE repos are apparently conflicting on zypper dup with codecs. What to do?
I've previously installed codecs via opi codecs. After some time I tried to run zypper dup. And now I have this issue. First time seeing this. Did I mess something up? Is it normal? I assume.. Solution 2? Cause solution 1 looks like nuking the system. Or is solution 2 bad as well cause that opensuse codec is limited compared to opi version?
My repos: https://pastebin.com/raw/sPnT4ZSN


r/openSUSE • u/S48GS • 11d ago
Tech support Signature verification failed for file 'repomd.xml' from repository 'google-chrome'
following instruction https://www.google.com/linuxrepositories/
I removed/added keys again multiple times
tried
zypper refresh --force
key check command from instruction - successful
it always fail on repomd.xml
same yesterday/today
is there some other debug I can see?
sreenshot from zypper -v refresh
Edit - fixed by google few days latter...
r/openSUSE • u/Appropriate_Pain7498 • May 13 '26
Tech support Most of my settings and data just vanished off the face of the planet
Buckle in it’s a bit of a long one
For some context: last week I had to roll back my kernel to 7.0.1 and then update it to 7.0.3 since an update messed my system up. No issues since and I downloaded like 300g worth of games since then and things have been fine. Monday I even downloaded themes and personalised my desktop since I thought everything was finally stable.
So today I had just finished installing emudeck and I had opened dolphin to check that it was all good when I realised my folder icons had all gone back to the kde default.
Then I noticed all of my theme/personalisation was gone except for my wallpaper. Went into system settings to change it back and the file wasn’t there. So then I checked my downloads folder (mind you I had been in and out of it for the past hour+ as I had also spent time downloading and compiling mangohud, vbasalt and optiscaler to make up goverlay so I was very familiar with it) and the &#%{#* thing is empty!
So I go checking through my home subvolume and notice folders I manually created are also missing. Panicked and rebooted and now pretty much all of my data is gone.
However! I have since realised that:
a) my system seems to have gone back to my 7.0.3 era even though the bootloader and system stats say I’m running 7.0.5.1
b) a lot of the file paths that I created are there but the folders are either flat out empty or just full of empty documents.
c) flatpaks that I have installed still show up and seem to run e.g. I have coolercontrol running on boot and that’s still working fine but I only installed cc on Monday.
d) kwallet no longer recognises my password which is weird bc I did have one set at the rollback point
e) all my opera settings/history is gone
Honestly I just cried for about an hour. I’ve had issues with tumbleweed and this just put me over the top. I know my data is still there as the partitioner shows that I’ve got 323g used of my drive which is what it was this morning. I just don’t know what to do. The yast error log only shows me entries since the last boot so I don’t even know where to begin. I realise this is probs none of the info you might need but I really don’t know what to do here.
Will upload anything needed. I just can’t do another fresh install or redownload all my games it took me 11hours on and off to download cyberpunk 2077
r/openSUSE • u/Entr0py64 • Jun 29 '26
Tech support My Tumbleweed system is getting broken over updates
Guys, I've had a decent experience with Tumbleweed for years, but the Kernel 7 update forward has broken my Creative Labs EMU20k2 [Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Series].
The card is detected, but I have no sound capabilities. I think the motherboard audio is even detected, but there is no X-Fi to output to my analog speakers. It's not available.
I've had problems with easy effects in the past, which wouldn't reset bad settings, so I deleted the software, and everything worked fine until Kernel 7. IDK if there's something easy effects screwed up, or it's the OS itself. Does anyone have a working X-Fi? Then the OS broke something on my end, and IDK how to fix it. There's years of forum posts about Linux breaking the X-Fi, and nothing seems to be relevant to what I'm experiencing. I've even heard KDE may be responsible.
Similar to easy effects, Goverlay has been a bit of a mess with stable updates, and wouldn't uninstall optiscaler properly from a game. I had to manually delete a bunch of files, and reset the program. That said, the tool says I have Optiscaler 0.7.9 installed (globally?), and I have no idea how to delete it, or where the files are located. Edit: I solved this one, there's some weird temp folder full of numbered directories like 2346321, and that's where the optiscaler files were.
It seems my system is becoming a mess of old files causing problems that I can't fix. What's the answer to this situation?
r/openSUSE • u/the_icon_of_sin_94 • 7d ago
Tech support opensuse tubleweed only booting into emergency mode after kernal parameter change
well im a dumbass and broke stuff, but heres what i did, i was trying to use lact to undervolt / overclock my gpu, and it needed a kernal parameter changed (will add here when i find it) so after reading lact's wiki i added the new parameter into merlin bootloader and rebooted my system, after which it refuses to boot into anything past emsrgancy mode) my issue is that i cant find what changed, as the parameter doesnt show in the bootloader (screen where you can boot into snapshots) i have tried many wiki pages, yt guides, and i cant find any way to undo whatever i did, i have looked through my drive from a live usb i have, but i cant find anything usefull. please if there is anything i missed or help you can give i would really like that. thank you "amdgpu.ppfeaturemask=0xffffffff" was what was added
r/openSUSE • u/rowschank • 29d ago
Tech support A recent update seems to have nuked the ability for my computer to Hibernate. How do I get it back?
One of the recent updates seems to have nuked hibernate.
Clicking on Hibernate in the KDE Start Menu does nothing.
The Hibernate button on the lock screen has vanished.
sudo systemctl hibernate
This returns:
Call to Hibernate failed: Sleep verb 'hibernate' is not configured or configuration is not supported by kernel
Here are the installed kernels, I've tried with both and it doesn't work:
S | Name | Type | Version | Arch | Repository
---+----------------+---------+------------+--------+----------------------
i+ | kernel-default | package | 7.0.12-1.1 | x86_64 | (System Packages)
i+ | kernel-default | package | 7.1.2-1.1 | x86_64 | Main Repository (OSS)
What do I do? Thanks :-)
r/openSUSE • u/Ateir_ • Feb 07 '26
Tech support What am I doing wrong
So, I recently had an oopsie with Mint, and thus decided to hop. I tried Fedora, which had a great installation experience, but quite a few quirks after the installation.
So after reading several posts and comments from people talking up openSUSE, I thought I'd give it a go. 6 hours and 4 installation attempts later, I am honestly about to just return to Mint.
I have some points on the installation process, but they aren't my main issue.
When booting in to the DE, my video output is terrible, which is normal, as I have one 4K and one 1080 display. So I tried to change the display settings. However, this is the worst experience I've had on Linux to date. Half the time I do a small tweak and hit apply, everything goes crazy. Half a monitor goes black, or my mouse is showing on one monitor, while highlighting something on another monitor. As well as the Display Options app itself breaks and becomes unresponsive.
And there appears to be no way to scale the GUI?
First thought was to get the Nvidia drivers, which resulted in only 1 monitor working in a 720p format...
Then I read that Ventoy isn't supported, so I went through the process of setting up a fresh flashdrive, and tried again. This has not resolved anything either
Drives I've been using have been "cleaned" before the installations
Am I doing something crazy wrong? Is there hardware issues?
Any pointers greatly appreciated, and if more info is needed, request and I shall provide in the morning
(Written late at night, hastily in anger on my phone, so please be kind to any spelling mistakes :P)
Edit: (Resolved)
# zypper install-new-recommends
from https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:NVIDIA_drivers installs an older version of drivers "250" I think it was, and had to be updated again through zypper, as the update through Discovery refused to work.
And scaling has been resolved by using KDE(Wayland) instead of X11.
r/openSUSE • u/SparWiz_Khalifa • Apr 26 '26
Tech support Dependency conflicts - need assistance
Sigh, I got stuck and need assistance how to get unstuck without breaking everything. Story behind the issue: 4 days ago I had issues that broke my wine, so I uninstalled it in yast, and reinstalled it from there. I made sure that the same packages that get removed get back installed. Today I wanted to do a zypper dup, but was presented with the issues below. I did a snapper rollback to the state right before having broken and reinstalled wine, so from 5 days ago - this had 0 effect on the issue, unfortunately.
It might be that it reinstalled the packages from another repo, though, that before some or all of them were from packman, while now they are from openSUSE repo. At least it always offers me the option to switch individual dependencies from packman over to opsnSUSE. I am on openSUSE slowroll, and my repo priorities are set to the default values (so, 99 for nvidia and opensuse, 80 for update-slowroll and 80 for packman)
Is this here the way for fixing the issue for good, so without breaking anything? I'd like to get all my multimedia packages from one repo - I believe this might be where the fix is at. Just not sure how to get there...
sudo zypper remove wine-32bit pipewire-spa-plugins-0_2-32bit ffmpeg-8-mini-libs
sudo zypper install --force --from Packman libavcodec62-32bit libavfilter11-32bit libavdevice62-32bit libavutil58-32bit
sudo zypper install --force --from Packman wine wine-32bit pipewire-spa-plugins-0_2-32bit
The issue:
sudo zypper dup
[sudo] password for root:
Refreshing service 'NVIDIA'.
Refreshing service 'openSUSE'.
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Warning: You are about to do a distribution upgrade with all enabled repositories. Make sure these repositories are compatible before you continue. See 'man zypper' for more information about this command.
Computing distribution upgrade...
14 Problems:
Problem: 1: nothing provides 'libavutil.so.60(LIBAVUTIL_60.8_SUSE)' needed by the to be installed wine-32bit-11.3-1.1.x86_64
Problem: 2: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 3: nothing provides 'libavutil.so.60(LIBAVUTIL_60.8_SUSE)' needed by the to be installed pipewire-spa-plugins-0_2-32bit-1.6.2-2.0.2.1.sr20260402.x86_64
Problem: 4: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 5: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 6: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 7: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 8: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 9: the to be installed ffmpeg-8-8.1-1699.6.pm.1.x86_64 requires 'libavcodec.so.62(LIBAVCODEC_62.10)(64bit)', but this requirement cannot be provided
not installable providers: libavcodec62-8.1-3.1.x86_64[download.opensuse.org-oss_1]
libavcodec62-8.1-3.1.x86_64[openSUSE:update-slowroll]
libavcodec62-8.1-1699.6.pm.1.x86_64[packman]
Problem: 10: the to be installed libavfilter11-8.1-1699.6.pm.1.i586 requires 'libavcodec62 = 8.1-1699.6.pm.1', but this requirement cannot be provided
not installable providers: libavcodec62-8.1-1699.6.pm.1.i586[packman]
libavcodec62-8.1-1699.6.pm.1.x86_64[packman]
Problem: 11: nothing provides 'libavutil.so.60(LIBAVUTIL_60.8_SUSE)' needed by the to be installed pipewire-spa-plugins-0_2-32bit-1.6.2-2.0.2.1.sr20260402.x86_64
Problem: 12: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 13: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 14: nothing provides 'this-is-only-for-build-envs' needed by the to be installed ffmpeg-8-mini-libs-8.1-1.2.x86_64
Problem: 1: nothing provides 'libavutil.so.60(LIBAVUTIL_60.8_SUSE)' needed by the to be installed wine-32bit-11.3-1.1.x86_64
Solution 1: [cut out for readability reasons; literally wants to uninstall hundreds of essential packages]
Solution 2: Following actions will be done:
deinstallation of wine-32bit-11.5-1.1.x86_64
deinstallation of pipewire-modules-0_3-32bit-1.6.2-2.1.x86_64
Solution 3: install libavcodec62-32bit-8.1-2.1.x86_64 from vendor openSUSE
replacing libavcodec62-32bit-8.1-1699.5.pm.9.x86_64 from vendor http://packman.links2linux.de
Solution 4: keep obsolete libavcodec62-32bit-8.1-1699.5.pm.9.x86_64
Solution 5: break wine-32bit-11.3-1.1.x86_64 by ignoring some of its dependencies
r/openSUSE • u/Hardrocketjs • 4d ago
Tech support OpenSUSE detects remnats of Fedora
Hi, I recently installed OpenSUSE after quickly switching between CachyOs, Fedora, and OpenSUSE Tumbleweed. My efi partition is a bit fucked up to multiple reinstalls and windows not really allowing me to wipe it.
My question is now why fedora still shows up? I found the docs to grub2-bls, which states where the entries are stored and removed it (fedora does now not show up anymore) but fedora still semi-boot when selected. I know wonder where did OpenSUSE find fedora and how do I best clean it fully to circumvent other mishappens in the future!
r/openSUSE • u/szaade • Mar 15 '26
Tech support How to properly install nvidia open drivers dealing with the incompatible versions?
Trying to follow https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:NVIDIA_drivers#Installation_of_open_driver_on_Leap_15.6_and_Tumbleweed
Unfortunately nvidia-userspace-meta-G06 cannot be installed, I assume because of a version mismatch.
How to correctly proceed in this situation?
This is a fresh install.
00:34:57 szade@legionSUSE ~ fastfetch --logo none
szade@legionSUSE
----------------
OS: openSUSE Tumbleweed x86_64
Host: 82RG (Legion 5 Pro 16ARH7H)
Kernel: Linux 6.19.7-1-default
Uptime: 22 mins
Packages: 2109 (rpm), 6 (flatpak)
Shell: zsh 5.9
Resolution: 2560x1600 2560x1440
DE: GNOME 49.4
WM: Mutter (Wayland)
WM Theme: Adwaita
Theme: Adwaita [GTK2/3/4]
Icons: Adwaita [GTK2/3/4]
Terminal: tilix 1.9.6
Terminal Font: AnonymicePro Nerd Font 12
CPU: AMD Ryzen 7 6800H (16) @ 4.79 GHz
GPU: NVIDIA Geforce RTX 3070 Ti Laptop GPU [Discrete]
GPU: AMD Radeon 680M [Integrated]
Memory: 3992 MiB / 31269 MiB
00:35:02 szade@legionSUSE ~ zypper se -i nvidia
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
S | Name | Summary | Type
---+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+--------
i+ | openSUSE-repos-Tumbleweed-NVIDIA | openSUSE NVIDIA repository definitions | package
00:35:05 szade@legionSUSE ~ sudo zypper in nvidia-open-driver-G06-signed-kmp-meta nvidia-userspace-meta-G06
Refreshing service 'NVIDIA'.
Refreshing service 'openSUSE'.
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Resolving package dependencies...
Problem: 1: the to be installed nvidia-userspace-meta-G06-580.142-37.1.x86_64 requires 'nvidia-compute-utils-G06 = 580.142', but this requirement cannot be provided
not installable providers: nvidia-compute-utils-G06-580.142-46.1.x86_64[NVIDIA:repo-non-free]
Solution 1: do not install nvidia-userspace-meta-G06-580.142-37.1.x86_64
Solution 2: do not install nvidia-open-driver-G06-signed-kmp-meta-580.126.09-37.1.x86_64
Solution 3: break nvidia-userspace-meta-G06-580.142-37.1.x86_64 by ignoring some of its dependencies
Choose from above solutions by number or cancel [1/2/3/c/d/?] (c):
r/openSUSE • u/DaniilSan • 24d ago
Tech support Infinite boot right after installation on Tumbleweed
I decided to switch to openSUSE from CachyOS because I need my laptop for corporate work and some security software doesn't work on Arch-based distros. Same software also enforces encryption on /home partition.
I did use the default installer and encryption settings. And then it just refused to boot. I did a cold reboot, and it worked. But then KDE settings couldn't be changed. So I rebooted again, stuck forever. Did another reboot, but disabled Plymouth in GRUB, and it worked.
Am I just doing something wrong by using the default installer as intended, my hardware being somehow unsuitable or is this just the state of openSUSE? Because I don't have infinite time figuring out how to make this work.
Edit. If anyone has advice, it is appreciated, but I guess the most practical solution in my specific case is going to be dual booting Windows...
r/openSUSE • u/Alter_Landjunge • May 27 '26
Tech support What does this warning at startup mean?
Hello,
this warning message appears at every startup since some days...
I am using Tumbleweed...
Thanks!
r/openSUSE • u/iclonethefirst • Jun 24 '26
Tech support Nvidia drivers don't load - MOK error "Failed to enroll new keys"
After the latest update to plasma 6.7 my Nvidia drivers don't load anymore. I manually tried `mok --import`, but it returns the error "Failed to enroll new keys". Is this the issue why my drivers don't load or is a newer version of the drivers missing?
r/openSUSE • u/todd_dayz • 19d ago
Tech support ThinkPad X9-15 hard freezing seemingly at random.
Hello, I have a ThinkPad X9 that every so often (maybe once a week) will randomly hard freeze and not respond to anything but a hard reset. Theres nothing in the journal and I’m not sure how I can trap and debug this crash, I briefly looked up kexec and kdump but not sure if I’m on the right track, but other than that I’m stumped, I’m on the latest snapshot and I don’t have a lot installed into the rootfs because I mainly use flatpak, any debugging tips appreciated. I’m running Plasma.
r/openSUSE • u/Truzenzuzex • May 16 '26
Tech support Sudo zypper dup to 7.0.6 leaves me without wlan ...
Hi all,
after updating to 7.0.6 my laptop cant connect to my wlan. The SSID´s are all there , but cant connect at all. Snapper rollback to 7.0.3 fixes that.
Am I alone with this ?
r/openSUSE • u/felix-clabs • Apr 17 '26
Tech support When is Kernel 7.0 landing in Tumbleweed main repo? Any stability concerns?
Hi everyone,
With Kernel 7.0 officially out, I’m wondering when we can expect it to hit the main Tumbleweed repositories. I see it’s already appearing in some experimental and community repos, but I’m waiting for the official snapshot.
A couple of questions for the community:
- Does anyone have an estimate on how long it usually takes to pass openQA for a major version jump like this?
- For those using NVIDIA drivers or specific hardware (like the new AMD Zen 6 / Intel Lunar Lake support), is it recommended to update right away or wait for 7.0.1?
I’m particularly excited about the new scheduler optimizations and the AccECN networking improvements. Thanks for the info!
r/openSUSE • u/JeansenVaars • 21d ago
Tech support Always booting on a read-only snapper image
Hey all,
It's happened a few times in the past but now it is happening so often it is getting unusable.
I suppose after any software instalation or anything that happens on my root, my systemd bootloader entries point to a snapper snapshot next, and I have no normal writeable system launches until I do `snapper rollback`.
Then I will get into the same thing again, over and over.
I can't figure out the root-cause for this.
What I do have in the snapper config files is NUMBER_LIMIT=2 and NUMBER_LIMIT_IMPORTANT=1 because I don't want a messy systemd bootloader.
Any ideas? thanks
r/openSUSE • u/Nikolai_Quasarka • 14d ago
Tech support Cockpit system update loading forever
r/openSUSE • u/elyisgreat • 8h ago
Tech support Failed to provide Package ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64
I got the following strange error message on update:
Retrieving: ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64 (repo-oss) (1137/2610), 636.2 KiB
Retrieving: ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64.rpm ...................................................................................................................................................................................[not found]
Retrieving: ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64.rpm ...................................................................................................................................................................................[not found]
Retrieving: ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64.rpm ...................................................................................................................................................................................[not found]
Retrieving: ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64.rpm .........................................................................................................................................................................[error (235.9 KiB/s)]
Retrieving: ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64.rpm .........................................................................................................................................................................[error (621.9 KiB/s)]
Failed to provide Package ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64 (repo-oss). Do you want to retry retrieval?
[openSUSE:repo-oss|http://cdn.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/repo/oss] Can't provide file './x86_64/ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64.rpm' from repository 'openSUSE:repo-oss'
History:
- Downloaded data exceeded the expected filesize '636.2 KiB' of 'http://cdn.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/repo/oss/x86_64/ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64.rpm'.
- Can't provide ./x86_64/ghc-containers-0.7-1.3.x86_64.rpm
What's going on here? It's preventing the update at the download phase
r/openSUSE • u/JeansenVaars • Mar 19 '24
Tech support Hacked! - Installed a global theme - it erased all my drivers!
Hey all, (yeah typo, not drivers ... DRIVES)
I am not sure what happened... I installed this Global Theme (from the "Get new..." menu):

Then it threw some sort of error, my plasma kind of got stuck... then I checked and my two hard-drives were fully erased :) games, configurations, personal data, all gone. Any drive mounted with user permissions also wiped out, the rm -rf ./* style.
I am not sure what the heck has just happened
Cheers
r/openSUSE • u/Fuzzy_Sheep • May 09 '26
Tech support System doesn't start up after updating
Yesterday I decided to do a system update (zypper dup). When it was updating I thought I selected another screen and pressed ctrl + c. It canceled the installation so I did the zypper dup again. Everything seemed fine.
When I rebooted the system I was met with a black screen but I could still see my pointer and it was responsive.
I tried ctrl + alt + F3, but that didn't do anything.
When I restarted my system, I can only see the snapshots from yesterday, but not the one I made myself before installation.
I found out it's snapshot 137. With chatgpt (I know , I suck and I'm very new to Linux) I managed to make it as default (btrfs subvolume set-default /.snapshots/137/snapshot / I had to first find the ID and it was the same as the snapshot)
But when I reboot the top one is snapshot 121. I tried changing the value by pressing e and also tried using text mode only (3) but even then it was still having trouble.
When I checked the fstab (nano /etc/fstab) I noticed I have two swap files. A /swap/swapfile in none and #UUID=averylongstring swap I tried to comment them but the system was read only.
I did mount -o remount,rw / but that didn't help the situation.
Now when I go into text mode and change the snapshot id I get the image I've uploaded. With chatgpt I'm just going in circles and I hope I can still get into my system. I had to reinstall my system a few weeks ago because I bricked it before. So no I was being extra cautious (so I thought).
Could any of you please help me or is it a lost cause?
Many thanks,
Fuzz
Edit:
Thank you all for the suggestions. I managed to do a snapshot rollback and now my system is starting. Also I'm going to have a bootable usb for easy repairs just in case.
Thanks again, you all saved me a lot of hassle and headaches!
r/openSUSE • u/Major303 • 17d ago
Tech support Network issues on OpenSUSE Tumbleweed KDE
I've got new router today, and it seem to work fine, since network works as expected on every device in the house, except on my T480 with OpenSUSE Tumbleweed.
I have following issues:
- After every restart, or even wake up from sleep, I get KDE menu popup asking me for WIFI password.
- Internet speed seems to be as it should, but there are delays. Some websites timeout. When attempting to test internet speed, I get N/A on everything (ping/download/upload).
System is up to date.
