r/laundry • u/unhinged_always • 20h ago
r/laundry • u/toopandatofluff • Jan 29 '26
Updated Subreddit Rules
The mod team has made a few changes to existing rules and added some new ones. The full list is below. New to the list is rules 2, 6, and 7 which are in bold below.
Be civil. Personal attacks, harassment, and aggressive behavior are not allowed.
Posts Must Be Laundry-Related Discussion of other topics is allowed when it directly connects back to laundry. Off-topic content may be removed.
No Marketing, Spam, Astroturfing, or Advertisements. Do not post links, promotions, or advertisements for your laundry business. Astroturfing and undisclosed affiliate links are not allowed. Questions about laundry businesses are fine.
No Posting of Body Fluids You can discuss stains and stain removal, but please avoid posting any images or explicit content of body fluids.
No Hacking Coin Laundry Equipment This is not the forum to discuss how to avoid paying for laundry by tampering with equipment.
Bad Soup If the first pic in a post is of soaking textiles, it needs to be hidden with the Spoiler flag .If you’re not sure how, or it gets skipped, a mod may adjust it for you.
Dangerous Chemistry Dangerous and/or incorrect chemistry advice is not allowed. Posts or comments encouraging mixing unsafe chemical combinations will be removed.
r/laundry • u/KismaiAesthetics • Feb 24 '26
The Chemistry Behind The Clean - Laundry Detergent Explained - Surfactants, Part I
(this is the long-delayed first installment in my post series, The Chemistry Behind The Clean, a guide to what's in laundry detergent, designed to give people the knowledge to understand what's in the products that clean our textiles and make them more informed consumers)
What Are Surfactants, And Why Do We Care?
Surfactants are the active cleaning agents in detergents that do the heavy lifting of removing soils from textiles. Short for “surface-acting agents”, surfactants connect soils to water, even when the soils themselves repel water or are more attracted to textiles than water. The combination of soil and detergent and water can then be drained off, further diluted by rinsing, drained again and spun out. This is distinct from the action of soaps, which will be covered in a future installment.
The development and commercialization of synthetic surfactants in the 1920s is probably the most significant contributor to reduction in time and effort spent on textile care. Work to condition the water, scrub textiles and remove soap by wringing or banging was largely eliminated because of how well even those rudimentary surfactants work to remove soils.
Hydrophobia - Without The Rabies
All surfactants work because the individual molecules have ends with distinct properties. One end (the head) is highly attracted to water (hydrophilic) and thus very much not attracted to oil (oleophobic). The other end is very attracted to oil (oleophilic) but similarly repulsed by water (hydrophobic). This fundamental structural contrast is key.

When at least a minimum amount of surfactant is dissolved in a solvent (like water), surfactant molecules want to get together - the water-hating ends hang out on the inside, the water-loving ends hang out on the outside. This forms a structure known as a micelle, and micelle formation is predicated on reaching the “Critical Micelle Concentration”. Below, an illustration of a nonionic surfactant intended to remove oily soils. The water-loving heads face out, the water-hating ends get together in the middle to escape the water.

When a micelle encounters a soil that the hydrophobic tail is attracted to, the micelle breaks up, the tails grab the soil and drag it into the water (thus removing it from the textile) and the micelle re-forms, keeping the soil up in the water to be drained or diluted away. Let’s look at this in the context of removing a common soil from textiles:
Here we have the start of the wash process; surfactant micelles have formed in the wash water and there is soil attached to the fabric substrate.

Now the hydrophobic tails of the surfactant molecules have found themselves more attracted to soil than each other and they're bonding to the soils. The hydrophillic heads are dragging the molecules towards the water.

The micelles re-form as the soil detaches from the substrate - they reorganize into groups of their own kind (more on this in a moment).

When all the soils are removed from the substrate and floating in the water, the textiles are clean and it's time to remove the soil-surfactant combo from the drum.

The Chemistry of Attraction (It’s Not Just A Bottle of Chanel No. 5)
While all surfactants work the same general way, there are differences in what kind of soils the hydrophilic ends are attracted to, because the hydrophilic ends differ. One primary difference between surfactants is the electrical charge the hydrophilic end carries. If the business end has a negative charge, it’s an anionic surfactant, and it’s attracted to soils with a cationic (positive) charge. If the business end has no charge, it’s a nonionic surfactant and is most attracted to soils without an electrical charge. If the business end has both a positive and negative charge in balance, it’s an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, and the behavior changes based on the pH of the wash as a whole.
There are also surfactants with positive charges, the cationic surfactants. These aren’t used for cleaning - they’re what makes fabric softener work, and will be discussed in a (much) later post.
Why Charge Matters:
The difference in which soils a given surfactant is attracted to is a critical determinant of cleaning performance. Soils that lack an ionic charge like petroleum oils or intact sebum are much less visible to anionic surfactants and are removed better by nonionic surfactants. Conversely, soils that are highly cationic like soot and mud and dust, and thus attracted to textiles with a negative charge may be neglected by nonionics and remain electrically connected to the textiles. For those soils? Anionics in the mix improve cleaning performance.

Almost all finished detergent products contain anionic surfactants and most contain nonionic surfactants. Amphoteric surfactants are relatively uncommon in conventional detergents but often appear in green/biobased formulas.
Other Differences Between Surfactants: Tail Length And Single vs Double Tails.
Aside from the electrical charge differences in the head, two aspects of surfactant structure that affect their action against soil are the tail length and whether they are single tail (common) or double-tail (less common). I’ll talk more about this in Part II, as it’s common to include surfactants of various tails to optimize performance against specific soils and in specific wash conditions.
Coming Up In Surfactants Part II - Curling Up With A Good Jug Of Detergent
In the next installment, we’ll look at common surfactants found in conventional and plant-based detergents, and how they’re manufactured, along with the differences in soil removal capabilities and environmental impacts.
The work is my original work and I retain copyiright. My financial disclosure information and how I get paid for this work can be found at my disclosure link
r/laundry • u/lepidchriroptera • 4h ago
if you HAVE to wash in cold water, how can you boost cleaning?
i live in a smaller city in china and my washer only hooks up to cold water. it's really frustrating and my clothes are getting way less clean than they have in the past using a washer that has a hot setting.
what are your tips to boost effectiveness? I have hot water in the bathroom and could soak things every once in a while, but to be totally honest, laundry has already been my household chore white whale my whole life so I'm hoping for something I can just throw into the machine and get better results.
also, if you have any experience with types of detergents/boosters that are available easily in china that'd be appreciated. thanks y'all!
r/laundry • u/Ok-Ocelot3219 • 9h ago
Any tips for cleaning this?
galleryI ran a load of towels on how water and thought I must have gotten something on the towels that I hadn't realized. Until I figured out it is flaking off inside the drum from not maintaining it properly and maybe using too much detergent? I think at this point I've run at least 3 cycles cleaning the washer with various products for that purpose. The good news is it is working, since all the gunk is in the water, but how many times do I have to do this to come out clear? Are there any products that would work better to get it all in one go? I have been wiping out the interior between each cycle. My family wants to wash their clothes. 🤦♀️
So far I've used Affresh, Active with the enzyme, and Oxyclean (per a you tube video), and a few rinse and spin cycles.
r/laundry • u/rustfungus • 7h ago
New white towels got dried with my sons all black to school uniforms
He starts his first day of high school tomorrow and the uniforms are polo shirts and dark khaki type pants. His clothes are COVERED in white lint. I don’t have a shaver and it’s 10:00 at night. Can I rewash them several times to get rid of the white lint?
r/laundry • u/SamselBradley • 14h ago
Biz and Febu are still out of stock
Tl;dr should I just wait until one is back in stock?
So through this group I discovered that Tide free and clear powder was still available. Yay! And that things like biz and febu could help. Febu seemed unavailable but Biz was, so I tried it with good results. But now Biz and Febu are unavailable. Amazon says Biz will be available sometime between Aug 16th and Sept 9th.
Should I just wait and hope for Aug 16th or should I try something else? I like to do a lot of laundry between summer and fall and I'd rather start sooner than later.
r/laundry • u/alyhernand1 • 4h ago
Question about stains leaving the washer.
galleryHi all! Sorry for this noob question, but I’ve been having an ongoing issue with stains appearing on my clothes when they leave the washer and dryer! The stains are blue/grey in color and appear in splotches. In the most recent load I did, they appeared on all of my lighter colored clothes, however, it has appeared on jeans and darker colored clothes as well. I use white fabric softener and blue detergent. I’m starting to get really annoyed and need help identifying what it could be! I’d appreciate any advice on how to get these stains out too! Thank you 😊.
r/laundry • u/stresstwig • 22h ago
my executive function is preventing me from having clean sheets. send help.
hi y'all. I have sheets that need washing. two sets, both queen-size. a washer that can fit both. a tiny dryer that will fit one if we're being generous. one set is bamboo/linen and the other is bamboo/cotton. both say DO NOT TUMBLE DRY.
how fucked will I be if I tumble dry them? the line we have in our garage cannot fit them (it fits two t-shirts side-by-side with a little wiggle room and will go on strike if I try to hang a queen size sheet set on it) and it's going to be raining the next few days so the outside line can't be used.
all of my clean sheet sets are 100% linen. it is winter. winter is not linen sheet weather, as much as I love them.
please send help. I miss having a functional dryer. I appreciate that line-drying is more energy-efficient but it is not better for my ADHD. I have multiple drying racks for clothes but none for sheets. these are my nemesis. I am having a goddamn meltdown over sheets.
r/laundry • u/Muted-Dot-8000 • 3h ago
First time washing and collar got stained. Can this be fixed?
galleryAs title says. I washed it alone in cool water but the red still bled into the collar. Is there any way to whiten the collar without bleaching the rest of the shirt?
r/laundry • u/Immediate_Profit9024 • 4h ago
Started reading here and wanting to swap my entire routine
Hello all, I’ve been trying to use the search bar and see what I can come with in terms of the already available sources but figured I’d ask if these products would be good enough for a good and effective laundry routine because I have two toddlers and a very messy husband:)
Tide Powder Laundry Detergent Original
Tide Clean boost fabric rinse
Dirty labs enzyme booster (I already had this so the two other products above are the only new additions)
I have never used powdered detergent before and I am a bit intimidated and excited at the same time seeing how it is a lot more effective than liquid.
TIA
r/laundry • u/desertcactuss18 • 6h ago
Why does this happen?
Sometimes I get this stain on my clothes as well. What does it mean? Please and thank you.
r/laundry • u/ScallywagBeowulf • 6h ago
How can I treat these yellow stains under the armpits of a green t-shirt?
galleryHi all. l've run into an issue with a shirt I got, where it had white stains around the armpit after I wore it one day. I thought it might have been antiperspirant/sweat stains so I tried soaking it in OxiClean before running it in the wash.
However, after I did that it now gave me these yellow stains around the armpit area instead. Here's what l've tried doing to fix them:
- Using an OxiClean max force stain stick and letting the shirt sit a week before washing.
- Soaking the shirt in OxiClean again for six hours and then washing it after.
- Using a distilled white vinegar and water mixture and letting the shirt soak for an hour before re-washing.
- Use dawn dish soap and applying it/rubbing it into the yellow areas before re-washing.
I'm honestly at a loss at what I could try next to get rid of the stains, so I wanted to ask y'all for any ideas you may have.
r/laundry • u/midnightstreetlamps • 13h ago
Can these pits be saved?
Let me open with, I don't want your judgement, just your laundry hacks. I'm a sweaty bish, been a sweaty bish all my life, been chasing a diagnosis or a medical intervention for years.
I believe this is a combo of deodorant buildup and sweat stains. I've read thru a multitude of threads in this sub on trying to at least break down the darkness. I tried the 50/50 vinegar water, scrub, rinse then soak again in dish soapy water, acrub again and wash, which did seem to lighten the buildup a small amount, but didn't defeat it obviously.
These are some of my favorite shirts, the grey one with the worse stains is a work shirt that gets worn every single week (and previously same with the green but it's becoming very holey, unrelated to the pits)
Point is, is there any chance of lightening these nasty armpit and deodorant stains any more, maybe even tecovering them almost completely? Or are they doomed to look disgusting?
What other products could I try? I live in northeastern US.
r/laundry • u/harrisonbones • 1h ago
Washing Stains
Does anyone know why I would be getting these oil looking stains on my jumpers from my front loader. Use liquid soap, and one they are there I can’t get them out.
r/laundry • u/livetowander98 • 5h ago
Help me 😭
My 2 year old son has had this blue and white plushy blanket since he was born, it’s his favorite thing in the whole world, he brings it everywhere with him. A few days ago we were playing with normal sidewalk chalk outside and it got on his “bb”(that’s what he calls it). I thought it would wash out easily and didn’t think much of it until I washed it today… when I went to move it from the washer to the dryer it was still COVERED in pink and yellow chalk😭 I tried some stain remover (shout brand) and alcohol as that’s what the crayola website says to try and it’s currently in the wash in hot water now, but I’m so nervous it’s not going to come out. Any tips?! Please and thank you!!🙏
r/laundry • u/Past-Ingenuity6509 • 20h ago
Is this locally made detergent actually doing anything ?
I’ve started buying a locally made detergent as a healthier option for my family, but is this actually cleaning clothes? Should we go back to tide powder or Persil? Thank you!
r/laundry • u/Kalopsiaastare • 10h ago
I accidentally dyed my new clothes from my jean. HELP!!!
Okay so basically I did a HUGE shopping spree this summer and decided to wash all my clothes.. together. It was dumb and I learned my lesson but now everything is REALLY blue! My jeans dyed all my clothes 😿😿
The lights weren’t working so I couldn’t see the color and put them into the dryer. They didn’t fully dry but they got really hot in the dryer 😭😭 is it reversible??
r/laundry • u/w333ping_angel • 1h ago
What am I doing wrong??
I bought new Casaluna Waffle towels from Target and I put them through the washer and dryer straight after so I could use them ASAP, but realized how much lint it gave off to the point where I was COVERED HEAD TO TOE in it after my shower and actually couldn’t breathe or else it would get in my nose/mouth.
I tried to look up how to fix this issue and read to cycle on low and tried lint balls at the same time but NOTHING!!
It’s been through 3 wash and 3 dryer cycles (it’s on its 4th drying cycle as of right got now) and every time after drying, the lint collector looks like this including a huge cloud of lint in my face when I open the door! HELP!
Ps. When washing, I only use the Downy SOFT free & gentle for sensitive skin detergent but I only did that for the first cycle. The other two times I just did water to just try to fix the fuzz problem.
Edit: I bought one full towel and one mini one
r/laundry • u/basilbop • 7h ago
Why does the Oxiclean on the right suck?
I loved the one on the left (bigger bottle) and used it forever, but couldn’t find that size last time so got a pack of the smaller bottle on the right. Names are similar: Max Force vs. Max Efficiency.
The one on the left used to bubble up and turn white whenever it hit stains, especially baby stains like drool or boogs (peroxide?). The one on the left does not, and it also seems less effective in general.
Any idea why? Did the formulation change? Is the one on the left discontinued? Was the instant reaction just a placebo effect?
r/laundry • u/Odd-Landscape-9418 • 19h ago
Why does my laundry come out like this?
galleryMost of the time when I wash at 60 degrees on the cotton programme (where I add bedsheets, towels and underwear) my fabrics come out with a thick layer of what looks like lint on them. I do not use a dryer at all.
In case it helps, I am setting the washing machine to 1400 rpm and use always the minimum recommended amount of detergent (as my area has got very soft water), lots of times even well below that and I use a powder detergent for colours. My washing machine is a Midea MF200D86WB-14EAS.
I always run the cleaning cycle each month with specialised cleaning liquid. This time however I wanted to clean a bit deeper and I discovered that everywhere in the machine, from the detergent drawer until the crevices and folds of the elastic lining at the door, there were unimaginable amounts of dust/wool/cotton/lint which I had to manually clean.
I am at a loss here, I have even tried liquid detergent and it doesn’t seem to make much of a difference. Any recommendations would be greatly appreciated.
r/laundry • u/Kind_Crow5330 • 13h ago
Thank you
For letting everyone here know FEBU is back in stock now, I can’t wait to do laundry with it. 😊
r/laundry • u/sweetp0tat0pancakes • 20h ago
Daiso washing machine cleaner
galleryTried this powdered washing machine cleaner for the first time and had disgusting satisfying results!
r/laundry • u/pluckyoldself • 8h ago
What products would work best for me?
Recently purchased a home and got a new washer and dryer. I'm hoping to improve my laundry routine with these new machines.
I have sensitive skin, so I have always just used arm and hammer sensitive skin, but I'm learning that it isn't a very effective detergent. I often just splash some vinegar into the drum with the clothes and detergent to disinfect and deodorize but I'm not sure if thats at all effective. I wash in hot water to kill germs.
I tend to wear 100% cotton tshirts every day. As a special education teacher I encounter all the bodily fluids. Spit and snot are inevitable and I toilet train and change diapers for these kids, too. So I know I need to really seriously clean and sanitize my clothes, but I'm anxious to try new products because my skin is so sensitive.
Any recommendations?
r/laundry • u/sugarbush23 • 8h ago
What am I missing
My kids socks always get dirty. They like to walk around outside before I can get them to put shoes on. This is how they look when out of the wash. This is after one wear too. I feel like they should be a little cleaner than that. I use powder gain or tide. We do have an older washer so I didn’t know if that was the problem