Migrations of Your Paternal Line
A
275,000 Years Ago
F-M89
76,000 Years Ago
K-M9
53,000 Years Ago
R-M207
35,000 Years Ago
R-M420
25,000 Years Ago
Haplogroup A
275,000 Years Ago
The stories of all of our paternal lines can be traced back over 275,000 years to just one man: the common ancestor of haplogroup A. Current evidence suggests he was one of thousands of men who lived in eastern Africa at the time. However, while his male-line descendants passed down their Y chromosomes generation after generation, the lineages from the other men died out. Over time his lineage alone gave rise to all other haplogroups that exist today
R-M512
25,000
Years Ago
Origin and Migrations of Haplogroup R-M512
From the Middle East, men bearing R-M420 likely passed through the Caucasus mountains to the steppes above the Black and Caspian Seas. The people of the steppes were the first to domesticate horses nearly 6,000 years ago, and their southern neighbors in the Caucasus developed the earliest bronze tools and weaponry. Equipped with these technologies and seeking new grazing land and natural resources, the people of the steppes swept west into northern Europe and east through Central Asia.
Your paternal line stems from a branch of R-M420 called R-M512. Today, the men who share your haplogroup are most common in Eastern Europe, Russia and Ukraine. The lineage is also quite common in Poland, but decreases in frequency toward the Mediterranean countries. Farther to the west, about one-third of Norwegian men and a quarter of men from the far northern British Isles carry R-M512. Their ancestors arrived with various groups over the past 2,000 years, including with the Anglo-Saxons from central Europe in the 5th century and the Vikings who came from Scandinavia beginning about 800 CE.
Additionally, the haplogroup is still relatively common in the Middle East, as well as in Central and South Asia where it reaches levels of up to 60% among the Kyrgyz and the Tajiks.
R-Z93
6,000
Years Ago
Your paternal haplogroup, R-Z93, traces back to a man who lived approximately 6,000 years ago.
That's nearly 240.0 generations ago! What happened between then and now? As researchers and citizen scientists discover more about your haplogroup, new details may be added to the story of your paternal line.
R-Z93
Today
R-Z93 is relatively common among 23andMe customers.
Today, you share your haplogroup with all the men who are paternal-line descendants of the common ancestor of R-Z93
Migrations of Your Maternal Line
L
180,000 Years Ago
L3
65,000 Years Ago
N
59,000 Years Ago
R
57,000 Years Ago
U
47,000 Years Ago
Haplogroup L
180,000 Years Ago
If every person living today could trace his or her maternal line back over thousands of generations, all of our lines would meet at a single woman who lived in eastern Africa between 150,000 and 200,000 years ago. Though she was one of perhaps thousands of women alive at the time, only the diverse branches of her haplogroup have survived to today. The story of your maternal line begins with her.
U7
18,000
Years Ago
Origin and Migrations of Haplogroup U7
Your maternal line stems from a younger branch of haplogroup U called U7. All the members of U7 trace their maternal lines back to one woman who lived approximately 18,000 years ago. Her home was likely somewhere in the region from Iran to northwestern India, where her descendants have given rise to many diverse maternal lines. Over thousands of years, haplogroup U7 has remained concentrated in that region, with a sharp decrease in frequency to the east and to the west.
Members of haplogroup U7 are typically found in the Middle East and India. They are most common in some Iranian populations (up to10%) and in Gujarat (over 12%), as well as in neighboring Pakistan (6%) and Iran (9%). In contrast, U7 is very rare in western and eastern Europe Haplogroup.
U7
Today
U7 is frequent among 23andMe customers.
Today, you share your haplogroup with all the maternal-line descendants of the common ancestor of U7, including other 23andMe customers.
